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Center for Sustainable Biomaterials & Bioenergy

Hardware Processing

Publications

Optimization Systems


Documents for 3D Hardwood Log Processing Optimization System includes system design, users manual, and system installation. These documents are made available by contacting us.

3D Log Processing System (3DLPS)

  • 3DLPS System Design
About this file: This is a detailed system design of 3D Log Sawing System. The system was developed with Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) and Open Graphics Library (OpenGL). Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) was used to retrieve data from and save sawing results to an MS Access database. ADO enables client applications to access and manipulate data from a variety of sources through an Object Linking and Embedding Database (OLEDB)provider (MSDN, 2010).
  • 3DLPS System Users Manual
About this file: This is a user guide for the 3D optimal log sawing program. In this document, the system requirements are briefly reviewed and an example of application is demonstrated.
  • 3DLPS System Installation
About this file: This optimal sawing system is compiled in a release version, and no setup is required. If you have a CD contained Log Sawing System Program, please insert the system CD to CD ROM. Open CD file, and copy the ‘Optimal sawing system’ folder to the hard drive. To run the optimal sawing system, double click the ‘Optimal sawing system’ folder from hard drive, and then click the optimal sawing.exe file.

    3D Lumber Edging and Trimming System (3DLETS)

    • 3DLETS System Design
    About this file: A new 3 Dimensional lumber visualization edging and trimming tool was created and tested by employing advanced techniques in computer graphics and database application. This system has windows style formatting and functionalities with respect to viewing, zooming in/out, rotating and transposing. Users can add, delete the lumber piece from the system and compare the final results against the standard results obtained from a graded piece. An optimal algorithm was used to obtain the best edging and trimming solution, and the user can compare the results among manual cutting method, optimal cutting method, and NHLA grader estimation.
    • 3DLETS System Users Manual
    About this file: This is a user guide for the 3D optimal log sawing program. In this document, the system requirements are briefly reviewed and an example of application is demonstrated.
    • 3DLETS System Installation
    About this file: This optimal sawing system is compiled in a release version, and no setup is required. If you have a CD contained Log Sawing System Program, please insert the system CD to CD ROM.Open CD file, and copy the ‘Optimal sawing system’ folder to the hard drive. To run the optimal sawing system, double click the ‘Optimal sawing system’ folder from hard drive, and then click the optimal sawing.exe file.

      3D Log Bucking System (3DLBS)

      • 3DLBS System Design
      About this file: The optimal bucking system consists of four major components: tree stem data manipulation, 3-D modeling, bucking optimization, and data storage. Component object model (COM) was employed to integrate the system that was designed using the principle of object-oriented programming (OOP). The system was programmed with Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) and Open Graphics Library (OpenGL).
      • 3DLBS System Users Manual
      About this file: This is a user guide for the 3D optimal log bucking program. In this document, the system requirements are briefly reviewed and an example of application is demonstrated.
      • 3DLBS System Installation
      About this file: This optimal bucking system is compiled in a release version, and no setup is required. If you have a CD contained Log Bucking System Program, please insert the system CD to CDROM. Open CD file, and copy the ‘Optimal bucking system’ folder to the hard drive.

        Journal Papers and Reports

        • 3D Optimal Log Bucking
        About this file: An optimal tree stem bucking system was developed for central Appalachian hardwood species using three-dimensional(3D) modeling techniques.
        • 3D Optimal Log Sawing
        About this file: A three-dimensional (3D) log sawing optimization system was developed to perform 3D log generation, opening face determination, sawing simulation, and lumber grading.
        • Assessment Log Bucking
        About this file: An assessment of central Appalachian hardwood log bucking was conducted on six sites across West Virginia.
        • Assessment Log Sawing
        About this file: A total of 230 logs from two species, red oak (Quercus rubra) and yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), were measured in five typical hardwood sawmills across West Virginia to evaluate log sawing practices and lumber recovery. Log characteristics such as length, diameter, sweep, taper, and elliptical were measured in sawmills, while log scale and grade were determined by using the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service grading rules.
        • Assessment Lumber Edging and Trimming
        About this file: Six small-scale sawmills were investigated on two separate occasions to evaluate lumber edging, trimming, and grading practices across West Virginia. Measurements for wane, clear wood, and defects were taken on 60 pieces of lumber prior to edging and trimming at each sawmill.
        • Log Sawing
        About this file: A 3D log sawing optimization system was developed to perform log generation, opening face determination, sawing simulation, and lumber grading using 3D modeling techniques. Heuristic and dynamic programming algorithms were used to determine opening face and grade sawing optimization.
        • Lumber Edging Trimming
        About this file: An optimal three-dimensional visualization system was developed for edging and trimming of rough lumber in central Appalachia. ActiveX Data Objects were implemented via MS Visual Cþþ/Open Graphics Library to manipulate board data at the back end supported by a relational data model with four data entity types: Board, Shape, Defect, and Defect Type.
        • Log Sawing Edging Trimming
        About this file: An integrated 3D log processing optimization system was developed to perform 3D log generation, opening face determination, head rig log sawing simulation, flitch edging and trimming simulation, can tree sawing, and lumber grading.
        • Hardwood Lumber Edging and Trimming Final Report
        About this file: This report is about an interactive Web-Based training toolkit for prima processors to improve lumber utilization and grading efficiency and maximizing profits from Appalachian Hardwoods.
        • Hardwood Lumber Edging and Trimming Final Summary Report
        About this file: This is a summary report of an interactive Web-Based training toolkit for primary processors to improve lumber utilization and grading efficiency and maximizing profits from Appalachian Hardwoods.

          Log and Lumber Grading Rules

          • Simplified NHLA Lumber Grading Rules Table
          About this file: This is a table of limber grading rules.
          • NHLA Hardwood Lumber Grading Rules Book
          About this file: This is a book about grading and measurement of hardwood lumber. A constant review and study of the those who are constantly using them. No rules or regulations can be truly effective unless they are understood and correctly applied.
          • Hardwood Log Grading Rules HandBook
          About this file: This handbook briefly summarizes common log grading rules for hardwoods. Basic concepts in log scaling, lumber grading and log bucking optimization are also discussed because each of these topics relates to log grading.

            Marketing and Management Strategies


            To better serve the hardwood lumber industry in the Appalachian region, it is necessary to study the hardwood sawmills and examine their management efficiency and marketing strategies. Several studies have been done to focus on this area.

            Journal Papers and Reports

            • Appalachian Hardwood in Chinese Market
            About this file: This is a paper discussed log and lumber trade between the Appalachian region of the United States and China.
            • Appalachian Hardwood Export to China
            About this file: A mail survey of Appalachian hardwood product exporters was conducted in the fall of 2008 to analyze the export practices for Appalachian hardwood products, specifically the volume of hardwood products exported to the Chinese market, their preferred species, and potential and existing trade barriers between US producers and Chinese customers.
            • Appalachian Hardwood Trade Final Report
            About this file: This is a summary report of the project aims to improve the central Appalachian hardwood producers’ knowledge of the Chinese market for central Appalachian hardwoods, foster better understanding between the central Appalachian hardwood and Chinese forestry sectors, and develop better linkages between U.S. seller sand Chinese buyers.
            • Appalachian Hardwood Trade Final Summary Report
            About this file: This is a final summary report format for a wood education and resource center project.
            • Assessments of the Impacts of Economic Downturn on the Appalachian Hardwood Sawmills
            About this file: A mail survey of 776 hardwood sawmills was conducted in the fall of 2010 to investigate the impacts of the economic downturn on sawmill production, employment, and marketing and exporting practices in the Appalachian region.

              Energy Consumption and Efficiency


              Energy consumption and efficiency are critical to hardwood sawmills due to economic conditions, energy prices, energy supply, and environmental related concerns. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the energy consumption and efficiency for hardwood sawmills in the Appalachian region to help hardwood sawmills find effective ways of reducing energy consumption and cost.

              Journal Papers and Reports

              • Energy Consumption and Efficiency of Hardwood Sawmills in the Appalachian Region
              About this file: A study of energy consumption and efficiency for hardwood sawmills was conducted in the Appalachian region.